Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a corneal transplant procedure that replaces only the innermost layer of the cornea, the endothelium, which is responsible for maintaining corneal clarity. This procedure is typically used to treat endothelial dystrophies, such as Fuchs' dystrophy, or other conditions that cause damage to the corneal endothelium.

DMEK involves the removal of the damaged endothelial layer and the implantation of a thin graft of healthy donor tissue. The procedure offers faster recovery times, fewer complications, and better visual outcomes than full-thickness corneal transplants.

DMEK is the preferred method for endothelial corneal transplants due to its superior results and minimal risk of rejection.